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The coldest recorded air temperature was in Antarctica

Vostok Station recorded an air temperature of -89.2°C (-128.6°F) on July 21, 1983.

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The World Meteorological Organization recognizes this as the lowest temperature measured at a weather station. Satellite observations can infer colder surface temperatures, but they use a different measurement method.

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Mauna Kea is taller than Everest from base to summit

Measured from its base on the ocean floor, Mauna Kea rises more than 10,000 meters, taller than Mount Everest's height above sea level.

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Lesotho is completely surrounded by South Africa

Every part of Lesotho's international border meets the same neighboring country: South Africa.

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Earth's longest mountain range is underwater

The mid-ocean ridge is the longest mountain range on Earth at 40,389 miles, and about 90 percent of it is under the ocean.

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